The Empress Wu Zetian ruled China Through a "puppet" dynasty before forming her own Zhou dynasty, which was completely unprecedented. She ruled from 690 to 705 A.D. She is the only woman in 2100 years of emperial China to have ever given herself the title of emperor and sat on the throne, not just ruling from behind it. In 705, at 80, she was unable to put down a coup d'etat and stepped down from the throne. Before she died nine months later, she made sure that her like-minded nephew was clearly in charge behind the scenes of the dynasty in power.
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